From the table of jurisprudence: the duties and Sunnahs of prayer
Duties of prayer:
The duties of prayer are eight:
1-All takbeers other than the opening takbeer.
2-Saying: “God hears those who praise Him” for the imam and the person alone only.[1].
3-Saying: “Our Lord, praise be to You”[2].
4-Saying: “Glory be to my Lord the Great” when bowing, and the obligatory one once, and it is Sunnah up to three times.[3].
5-Saying: “Glory be to my Lord the Most High” in prostration, which is obligatory once, is Sunnah up to three times.[4].
6-Saying: “Lord, forgive me” between the two prostrations, is obligatory once, and is Sunnah up to three times.[5]Asking forgiveness with any word is sufficient.
7-Sitting for the first tashahhud[6].
8-Saying the first tashahhud, which is: “Salutations to God and prayers and good things. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and God’s mercy and blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of God. I bear witness that there is no god but God, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.”[7].
Sunnahs of prayer:
There are two types:Sunnahs of words and sunnahs of actions.
The first type:Sunnahs of saying, which are many, including: the opening supplication, the seeking refuge, the basmalah, and saying: (Amen), and reciting after the Fatihah in the first two rak’ahs with whatever is available from the Qur’an, extending the recitation in the first rak’ah over the second, and reciting aloud in the audible and silent prayers. In secret, and the saying: “Filling the heavens, filling the earth, and filling them with whatever you want after that,” and seeking refuge after the last tashahhud and before the salutation; By saying: “O God, I seek refuge in You from the torment of Hell, from the torment of the grave, from the temptation of life and death, and from the temptation of the Antichrist,” and praying for whatever he liked after that.
The second type:Sunnahs of actions; Such as raising the hands when making the takbeerat al-Ihram, when going to bow, and when rising from it, and placing the right hand on the left, and placing them on his chest when standing, and looking at the place of his prostration, and placing the hands on the knees when bowing, and straightening his back while bowing, and making His head is towards his back; He should not lower it or raise it, keeping his stomach away from his thighs, and his thighs away from his legs when prostrating, sitting in the final tashahhud, and sitting on the bed for anything else.